Among other disabilities, the state was poor, while its population was more divided in loyalists than is generally realized. There was also the lack of strong executive leader ship, a characteristic sorely needed in periods of great stress. This is not intended to damn the wartime governors of North Carolina, but to admit that they were handicapped by constitutional and legislative restrictions. And the legislature did not always seem so cooperative as it might have been in the war effort, for too often it appeared more interested in present military matters. Such considerations were not wrong, but only poorly timed.
In North Carolina, this struggle ws particulary venomous for, its has been said, the colony contained a greater number of loyalists in perportion to its population than any other. Some Carolinians [patriots] seemed to take the actions of Great Brittian as a personal affront. hugh, rankin. "north carolina continentials." 1(1952): 1-5.
11/13/2008
outline for essay #2 w/o thesis
Outline for the loyalists of North Carolina
1) We Loyal subjects of the great majesty King are subjected to humiliation such as being tarred and feathered and even murder because of our belief that the king will stop the rebal activities and that what he is doing is best for everyone.
a) “But what happened to the Loyalists was similar to what happened in Europe to the Jews during the 2nd World War and would have probably experienced the same fate, had the most venerable of them not fled, (mainly to Canada). The expression ‘Lynch Mob’ comes from the American Patriot Judge Lynch who hung anyone suspected of being a Loyalist with impunity.
The USA had even attempted to cut off a retreat for the Loyalists, by invading Canada with a large force, but a combination of the US troop’s long march through Maine’s wilderness led by Benedict Arnold; Carleton’s defensive tactics and a blizzard fortunately thwarted them.
Those loyalists that didn't flee ran the risk of being dispossessed, tortured or even murdered.” (http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D)
i) We loyalists IN North Carolina are law abiding and rarely react in violence, unlike the patriots who use violence to try to keep us quite and exile.” The Loyalists are demonised or dismissed as simply obtuse and their crime of not wanting to live under mob rule, chaos, insecurity, huge debts and the certainty of an ensuing civil war for the next 100 years or so, has in the eyes of the USA, forfeited them any rights.” .( http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D)
2) The patriots revolted against the British taxes
a) “No taxation without representation, the rebels said, but they did have representation through the colonial legislature/governor. and were only being asked to pay one twenty-sixth of the tax that a British tax payer paid, who had and were effectively subsidizing them by bearing the burden of their protection.” (http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D)
i) The patriots didn’t have a right to be upset over such a little tax to pay back the mother country
3) The patriots make us out to be cowardly thumb suckers who don’t have the courage to stand up to Brittan, but most of us are respected colonists.
a) Loyalists came from all walks of life. The majority were small farmers, artisans and shopkeepers. Not surprisingly, most British officials remained loyal to the Crown. Wealthy merchants tended to remain loyal, as did Anglican ministers, especially in Puritan New England. Loyalists also included some blacks (to whom the British promised freedom), Indians, indentured servants and some German immigrants, who supported the Crown mainly because George III was of German origin. . (http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-33.htm)
i) Loyalists were ordinary folk, not how the patriots depict us.
OTHER TID-BITS OF USEFULL INFO
The one-sided accounts generally given by American historians, websites and film makers don't often mention the Battle of Penobscot Bay, probably because a mere 50 British redcoats held off 3000 Rebels for several days, until the Royal Navy arrived, at which point they embarked their 40 ships, but only to sail up river where they managed to shipwreck themselves and disappear into the Maine's wilderness never to be seen again. http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D
There were also alternative reasons as to why some people became British Loyalists, for instance, some French, German, and Dutch settlers felt religiously repressed, and they believed that more religious freedom would be provided by the British than their American counterparts. In search of a way out of slavery, several thousand African-Americans joined the British cause, hoping for eventual freedom in return, and the British supported such hopes. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/240212/loyalists_during_the_american_revolution.html?cat=37
Britain then even conceded most of this disputed area on the solemn understanding that the USA would make every effort and to earnestly resolve the lingering Loyalist issues. http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D
About 100,000 Loyalists left the country, including William Franklin, the son of Benjamin, and John Singleton Copley, the greatest American painter of the period. Most settled in Canada. Some eventually returned, although several state governments excluded the Loyalists from holding public office. In the decades after the Revolution, Americans preferred to forget about the Loyalists. Apart from Copley, the Loyalists became nonpersons in American history. (http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-33.htm)
Loyalists wanted to pursue peaceful forms of protest because they believed that violence would give rise to mob rule or tyranny. They also believed that independence would mean the loss of economic benefits derived from membership in the British mercantile system. (http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-33.htm)
and 1/3 of colonists were loyalists
1) We Loyal subjects of the great majesty King are subjected to humiliation such as being tarred and feathered and even murder because of our belief that the king will stop the rebal activities and that what he is doing is best for everyone.
a) “But what happened to the Loyalists was similar to what happened in Europe to the Jews during the 2nd World War and would have probably experienced the same fate, had the most venerable of them not fled, (mainly to Canada). The expression ‘Lynch Mob’ comes from the American Patriot Judge Lynch who hung anyone suspected of being a Loyalist with impunity.
The USA had even attempted to cut off a retreat for the Loyalists, by invading Canada with a large force, but a combination of the US troop’s long march through Maine’s wilderness led by Benedict Arnold; Carleton’s defensive tactics and a blizzard fortunately thwarted them.
Those loyalists that didn't flee ran the risk of being dispossessed, tortured or even murdered.” (http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D)
i) We loyalists IN North Carolina are law abiding and rarely react in violence, unlike the patriots who use violence to try to keep us quite and exile.” The Loyalists are demonised or dismissed as simply obtuse and their crime of not wanting to live under mob rule, chaos, insecurity, huge debts and the certainty of an ensuing civil war for the next 100 years or so, has in the eyes of the USA, forfeited them any rights.” .( http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D)
2) The patriots revolted against the British taxes
a) “No taxation without representation, the rebels said, but they did have representation through the colonial legislature/governor. and were only being asked to pay one twenty-sixth of the tax that a British tax payer paid, who had and were effectively subsidizing them by bearing the burden of their protection.” (http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D)
i) The patriots didn’t have a right to be upset over such a little tax to pay back the mother country
3) The patriots make us out to be cowardly thumb suckers who don’t have the courage to stand up to Brittan, but most of us are respected colonists.
a) Loyalists came from all walks of life. The majority were small farmers, artisans and shopkeepers. Not surprisingly, most British officials remained loyal to the Crown. Wealthy merchants tended to remain loyal, as did Anglican ministers, especially in Puritan New England. Loyalists also included some blacks (to whom the British promised freedom), Indians, indentured servants and some German immigrants, who supported the Crown mainly because George III was of German origin. . (http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-33.htm)
i) Loyalists were ordinary folk, not how the patriots depict us.
OTHER TID-BITS OF USEFULL INFO
The one-sided accounts generally given by American historians, websites and film makers don't often mention the Battle of Penobscot Bay, probably because a mere 50 British redcoats held off 3000 Rebels for several days, until the Royal Navy arrived, at which point they embarked their 40 ships, but only to sail up river where they managed to shipwreck themselves and disappear into the Maine's wilderness never to be seen again. http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D
There were also alternative reasons as to why some people became British Loyalists, for instance, some French, German, and Dutch settlers felt religiously repressed, and they believed that more religious freedom would be provided by the British than their American counterparts. In search of a way out of slavery, several thousand African-Americans joined the British cause, hoping for eventual freedom in return, and the British supported such hopes. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/240212/loyalists_during_the_american_revolution.html?cat=37
Britain then even conceded most of this disputed area on the solemn understanding that the USA would make every effort and to earnestly resolve the lingering Loyalist issues. http://www.redcoat.me.uk/#D
About 100,000 Loyalists left the country, including William Franklin, the son of Benjamin, and John Singleton Copley, the greatest American painter of the period. Most settled in Canada. Some eventually returned, although several state governments excluded the Loyalists from holding public office. In the decades after the Revolution, Americans preferred to forget about the Loyalists. Apart from Copley, the Loyalists became nonpersons in American history. (http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-33.htm)
Loyalists wanted to pursue peaceful forms of protest because they believed that violence would give rise to mob rule or tyranny. They also believed that independence would mean the loss of economic benefits derived from membership in the British mercantile system. (http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-33.htm)
and 1/3 of colonists were loyalists
Text Analysis for Declaration of independence
Who is writing?
JOHN HANCOCK, JOSIAH BARTLETT, WM. WHIPPLE, MATTHEW, THORNTON.SAML. ADAMS, JOHN ADAMS,ROBT. TREAT PAINE, ELBRIDGE GERRY, STEP. HOPKINS, WILLIAM ELLERY, ROGER SHERMAN, SAM'EL HUNTINGTON, WM. WILLIAMS, OLIVER WOLCOTT, FLOYD, PHIL. LIVINGSTON, FRANS. LEWIS, LEWIS MORRIS, RICHD. STOCKTON, JNO. WITHERSPOON, FRAS. HOPKINSON, JOHN HART, ABRA. CLARK.ROBT. MORRIS, BENJAMIN RUSH, BENJA. FRANKLIN, JOHN MORTON, GEO. CLYMER, JAS. SMITH, GEO. TAYLOR, JAMES WILSON,GEO. ROSS.CAESAR RODNEY, GEO. READ, THO. M'KEAN.SAMUEL CHASE, WM. PACA, THOS. STONE, CHARLES CARROLL of Carrollton, GEORGE WYTHE, RICHARD HENRY LEE, TH. JEFFERSON, BENJA. HARRISON, THS. NELSON, JR., FRANCIS LIGHTFOOT LEE, CARTER BRAXTON, WM. HOOPER,JOSEPH HEWES, JOHN PENN,EDWARD RUTLEDGE, THOS. HAYWARD, JUNR., THOMAS LYNCH, JUNR., ARTHUR MIDDLETON.BUTTON GWINNETT, LYMAN HALL, GEO. WALTON, so basically the continental congress.
Who is the audience?
Mainly the audience is the king of England, but also everyone in the untied states, past and present.
Who does the writer represent?
the continental congress writes on the behalf the colonies and people of America on July 4th, 1776.
What is being said, argued and/or requested?
The document is saying that the colonies are declaring independence from Brittan’s tyranny and they are dissolving all ties with Brittan
How is it being said, argued and/or requested?
the tone of the document is like “screw you, we have had enough of your S***” I cant think of a single word to describe it but there is no argument in the document, what they have written has already been put in place and they are saying to Britain “Bring it”
What is the proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
the justification of declaring independence from the brittish crown is the list of all the stuff he has or has not done, “The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world”.
JOHN HANCOCK, JOSIAH BARTLETT, WM. WHIPPLE, MATTHEW, THORNTON.SAML. ADAMS, JOHN ADAMS,ROBT. TREAT PAINE, ELBRIDGE GERRY, STEP. HOPKINS, WILLIAM ELLERY, ROGER SHERMAN, SAM'EL HUNTINGTON, WM. WILLIAMS, OLIVER WOLCOTT, FLOYD, PHIL. LIVINGSTON, FRANS. LEWIS, LEWIS MORRIS, RICHD. STOCKTON, JNO. WITHERSPOON, FRAS. HOPKINSON, JOHN HART, ABRA. CLARK.ROBT. MORRIS, BENJAMIN RUSH, BENJA. FRANKLIN, JOHN MORTON, GEO. CLYMER, JAS. SMITH, GEO. TAYLOR, JAMES WILSON,GEO. ROSS.CAESAR RODNEY, GEO. READ, THO. M'KEAN.SAMUEL CHASE, WM. PACA, THOS. STONE, CHARLES CARROLL of Carrollton, GEORGE WYTHE, RICHARD HENRY LEE, TH. JEFFERSON, BENJA. HARRISON, THS. NELSON, JR., FRANCIS LIGHTFOOT LEE, CARTER BRAXTON, WM. HOOPER,JOSEPH HEWES, JOHN PENN,EDWARD RUTLEDGE, THOS. HAYWARD, JUNR., THOMAS LYNCH, JUNR., ARTHUR MIDDLETON.BUTTON GWINNETT, LYMAN HALL, GEO. WALTON, so basically the continental congress.
Who is the audience?
Mainly the audience is the king of England, but also everyone in the untied states, past and present.
Who does the writer represent?
the continental congress writes on the behalf the colonies and people of America on July 4th, 1776.
What is being said, argued and/or requested?
The document is saying that the colonies are declaring independence from Brittan’s tyranny and they are dissolving all ties with Brittan
How is it being said, argued and/or requested?
the tone of the document is like “screw you, we have had enough of your S***” I cant think of a single word to describe it but there is no argument in the document, what they have written has already been put in place and they are saying to Britain “Bring it”
What is the proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
the justification of declaring independence from the brittish crown is the list of all the stuff he has or has not done, “The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world”.
11/07/2008
Thomas Paine, common sense.. non TA leader
whatis being said in the document is that America should be completely free from Britan. Paine uses alot of metaphors to successfuly demonstriat this point and he uses metaphores that are derogotory agiansts britian.
11/05/2008
Test Analysis Resolution introduced in the Continental Congress by Richard Henry Lee (Virginia) proposing a Declaration of Independence, June 7, 1776
Text analysis
Austin Gibbs
Resolution introduced in the Continental Congress by Richard Henry Lee (Virginia) proposing a Declaration of Independence, June 7, 1776
Who is writing?
The writer is Richard lee
Who is the audience?
The audience is the Continental Congress
Who does the writer represent?
The writer represents the United Colonies (free and independent states)
What is being said, argued and/or requested?
What is being said is that there needs to be a Declaration of Independence from Brittan, that the Colonies should completely dissolve the ties they have with Brittan
How is it being said, argued and/or requested?
The tone of this document is an urgent one, Lee is urging the Congress to issue a Declaration of Independence “That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States,”
What is the proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
The proof that is being used is that he is stating that the United Colonies should be free and independent from Brittan’s tyranny. “Resolved, That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.”
Austin Gibbs
Resolution introduced in the Continental Congress by Richard Henry Lee (Virginia) proposing a Declaration of Independence, June 7, 1776
Who is writing?
The writer is Richard lee
Who is the audience?
The audience is the Continental Congress
Who does the writer represent?
The writer represents the United Colonies (free and independent states)
What is being said, argued and/or requested?
What is being said is that there needs to be a Declaration of Independence from Brittan, that the Colonies should completely dissolve the ties they have with Brittan
How is it being said, argued and/or requested?
The tone of this document is an urgent one, Lee is urging the Congress to issue a Declaration of Independence “That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States,”
What is the proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
The proof that is being used is that he is stating that the United Colonies should be free and independent from Brittan’s tyranny. “Resolved, That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.”
11/04/2008
First Continental Congress and PSEC
The first Continental Congress was, to me, was created to negotiate with the British Empire. In the same sense, the advisory council negotiates with us and the main campus for stuff like fundraisers and equipment. I personally would not structure it any different because it would be way too much work and I think it works fine for now. The PSEC community meetings help us as a community come together in the sense that we can talk about and change things that need attention at the time and also helps to be more informed about the bigger scheme of things. What I think a possible challenge to the PSEC Government is the fact that we are a part of the highline community campus but we have no say in what we can do on the main campus because we are a sub campus and we only have a limited jurisdiction[the building] which is not as effective as some people, like me, would like.
Text Analysis Olive branch P.D.
Austin Gibbs
Who is writing?
All four journals are written by the Continental Congress. This is prominent by the list of names signed at the bottom of the first journal entry and the constant usage of “your faithful subjects”
Who is the audience?
The audience the first journal is the king, evidence if this is the beginning sentence, “To the King's most excellent Majesty: MOST GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN”
The audience of the second journal is “the inhabitants of Great Brittan.” Evidence of this is found in the beginning of the entry, “FRIENDS, COUNTRYMEN, AND BRETHREN!”
The audience of the third journal the lord Mayor of London sir Richard Penn, evidence in the title, lol
The audience of the forth journal is the committee and colony agents.
Who do the writers represent?
The many writers of the Continental Congress are representing the colonists’ of the English colonies, such evidence I pulled from the text to support this claim is “We, your Majesty's faithful subjects of the colonies new Hampshire, Massachusetts bay, Rhode island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the counties of New Castle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, in behalf of ourselves, and the inhabitants of these colonies, who have deputed us to represent them in general Congress”(journal #1) “The Inhabitants of this Country” (J #2) and ect.
What is being said, argued and/or requested?
What is being said in the journals is that they have had enough of Brittan’s tyranny, misconduct, and murders on the colonists. “That filled their minds with the most painful fears and jealousies; and, to their inexpressible astonishment, perceived the dangers of a foreign quarrel quickly succeeded by domestic dangers, in their judgment, of a more dreadful kind.”
How is it being said argued and/or requested?
The tone of the first journal is a respectful firmness with humility to which they will start “brown nosing” in the last sentence… ha-ha
The second journal is more accusing Brittan of all the misdeeds they have committed, so I would say an accusatory tone, and they want to stop fighting with the British. Then tappers off into a humble request to stop fighting with the colonists
The tone of the third journal is more sarcastic, “the just tribute of gratitude and thanks, for the virtuous and unsolicited resentment you have strewn to the violated rights of a free people.”
The tone of the forth journal is “pushy”, “You will oblige us, Gentlemen, by giving the most early information to the Congress”
What proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
The proof to justifying their request for Brittan to stop hassling the English colonies is as such:
• “Knowing to what violent resentments and incurable animosities, civil discords are apt to exasperate and inflame the contending parties, we think ourselves required by indispensable obligations to Almighty God, to your Majesty, to our fellow subjects, and to ourselves, immediately to use all the means in our power, not incompatible with our safety, for stopping the further effusion of blood, and for averting the impending calamities that threaten the British Empire.”
• “In a former Address we asserted our Rights, and stated the Injuries we had then received. We hoped, that the mention of our Wrongs would have roused that honest Indignation which has slept too long for your Honor, or the Welfare of the Empire. But we have not been permitted to entertain this pleasing expectation. Every Day brought an accumulation of Injuries, and the Invention of the Ministry has been constantly exercised, in adding to the Calamities of your American Brethren”
• “Yet, we cannot but observe, that a British Fleet (unjustified even by Acts of your Legislature) are daily employed in ruining our Commerce, seizing our Ships, and depriving whole Communities of their daily Bread. Nor will a Regard for your Honour permit us to be silent, while British Troops sully your Glory, by Actions, which the most inveterate Enmity will not palliate among civilized Nations, the wanton and unnecessary Destruction of Charlestown, a large, ancient, and once populous Town, just before deserted by its Inhabitants, who had fled to avoid the Fury of your Soldiery.”
• “A cruel war has at length been opened age us, and whilst we prepare to defend ourselves like the descendants of Britons, we still hope that the mediation of wise and good citizens, will at length prevail over despotism, and restore harmony and peace, on permanent principles, to an oppressed and divided empire”
Who is writing?
All four journals are written by the Continental Congress. This is prominent by the list of names signed at the bottom of the first journal entry and the constant usage of “your faithful subjects”
Who is the audience?
The audience the first journal is the king, evidence if this is the beginning sentence, “To the King's most excellent Majesty: MOST GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN”
The audience of the second journal is “the inhabitants of Great Brittan.” Evidence of this is found in the beginning of the entry, “FRIENDS, COUNTRYMEN, AND BRETHREN!”
The audience of the third journal the lord Mayor of London sir Richard Penn, evidence in the title, lol
The audience of the forth journal is the committee and colony agents.
Who do the writers represent?
The many writers of the Continental Congress are representing the colonists’ of the English colonies, such evidence I pulled from the text to support this claim is “We, your Majesty's faithful subjects of the colonies new Hampshire, Massachusetts bay, Rhode island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the counties of New Castle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, in behalf of ourselves, and the inhabitants of these colonies, who have deputed us to represent them in general Congress”(journal #1) “The Inhabitants of this Country” (J #2) and ect.
What is being said, argued and/or requested?
What is being said in the journals is that they have had enough of Brittan’s tyranny, misconduct, and murders on the colonists. “That filled their minds with the most painful fears and jealousies; and, to their inexpressible astonishment, perceived the dangers of a foreign quarrel quickly succeeded by domestic dangers, in their judgment, of a more dreadful kind.”
How is it being said argued and/or requested?
The tone of the first journal is a respectful firmness with humility to which they will start “brown nosing” in the last sentence… ha-ha
The second journal is more accusing Brittan of all the misdeeds they have committed, so I would say an accusatory tone, and they want to stop fighting with the British. Then tappers off into a humble request to stop fighting with the colonists
The tone of the third journal is more sarcastic, “the just tribute of gratitude and thanks, for the virtuous and unsolicited resentment you have strewn to the violated rights of a free people.”
The tone of the forth journal is “pushy”, “You will oblige us, Gentlemen, by giving the most early information to the Congress”
What proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
The proof to justifying their request for Brittan to stop hassling the English colonies is as such:
• “Knowing to what violent resentments and incurable animosities, civil discords are apt to exasperate and inflame the contending parties, we think ourselves required by indispensable obligations to Almighty God, to your Majesty, to our fellow subjects, and to ourselves, immediately to use all the means in our power, not incompatible with our safety, for stopping the further effusion of blood, and for averting the impending calamities that threaten the British Empire.”
• “In a former Address we asserted our Rights, and stated the Injuries we had then received. We hoped, that the mention of our Wrongs would have roused that honest Indignation which has slept too long for your Honor, or the Welfare of the Empire. But we have not been permitted to entertain this pleasing expectation. Every Day brought an accumulation of Injuries, and the Invention of the Ministry has been constantly exercised, in adding to the Calamities of your American Brethren”
• “Yet, we cannot but observe, that a British Fleet (unjustified even by Acts of your Legislature) are daily employed in ruining our Commerce, seizing our Ships, and depriving whole Communities of their daily Bread. Nor will a Regard for your Honour permit us to be silent, while British Troops sully your Glory, by Actions, which the most inveterate Enmity will not palliate among civilized Nations, the wanton and unnecessary Destruction of Charlestown, a large, ancient, and once populous Town, just before deserted by its Inhabitants, who had fled to avoid the Fury of your Soldiery.”
• “A cruel war has at length been opened age us, and whilst we prepare to defend ourselves like the descendants of Britons, we still hope that the mediation of wise and good citizens, will at length prevail over despotism, and restore harmony and peace, on permanent principles, to an oppressed and divided empire”
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