12/09/2008

reflective letter (rought draft)#2

In my portfolio, I have chosen to put in my Olive Branch Petition Text Analysis, my second essay, and my essay #2 reflection. The reason I chose to use these writings in my portfolio is that they show my growth in the areas I needed, such as my critical thinking, proof reading and summery and analysis skills.
When I look back on my high school writing classes, they were run of the mill, very bleak classes that didn’t help me what so ever. They never challenged the way I write and I usually pulled essays together at the last minute with bogus information.
The reason I like History and Writing 101 is because the classes challenge the way I think and process data. I actually have to think about what I’m reading and writing instead of repeating what a book said then forgetting it after the assignment is over. The material we have covered in the classes will probably stick with me till I die because I have had to think critically on them during the in-class discussions and the writing assignments that I have completed. The fact that our teachers actually read our work instead of looking for a 5 paragraph format has really taught me how to write and what to look for in my writing while editing. Completing this 12 week course has educated me more than a traditional 1 year class. Yeah it was hard and stressful half the time, but it was not unwarranted, everything they have us do had a purpose to help us become better writers and have a more in depth understanding of history. That is why I have chosen these 3 items to go in my portfolio, I believe that they show my best work in the sense that I have matured and grown wiser in my writing skill.
The olive branch petition text analysis shows my honed in depth analysis skill, it is a 5 page document that was addressed to the King of England. I did a lot of work on this piece and I never thought that I could scrutinize every detail of a document and piece together why they said that or asked that question.
The second essay I did was that I had to be Loyalist during the late 1700’s in the state of North Carolina; I had to write a persuasive essay explaining why I was a loyalist and why “the reader” should be too. This paper is by far the best writing I have ever completed (after I had rewritten it), the reason I had to rewrite it was because I forgot to proof read it and it had some words missing, but besides that I put my heart but mostly my mind into reading primary documents and piecing together a well rounded argument for my cause.
Overall, Coming to PSEC and taking Ben and Craig’s class has shown me that I’m not a bad writer; I just didn’t know how to write. I had no idea of how much work and mind power it takes to write a good piece of literature. I used to hate reading quotes and writing things that were assigned to me, but now that I have learned so much I like challenging my mind, analyzing and thinking about why people write this and that. It’s really embarrassing to look back at my past work and then to look at my present work. I can see a major turnaround for me, I can tell of how much I have learned during the past 12 weeks because I could never write about anything this in depth with out serious work and now I can do it with out trouble for most my assignments. I believe that this is my greatest achievement.

12/08/2008

reflective letter (rought draft)

In my portfolio, I have chosen to put in my Olive Branch Petition Text Analysis, my second essay, and my essay #2 reflection. The reason I chose to use these writing in my portfolio is because they show my growth in the areas I needed, my critical thinking, the way I write, and summery and analysis skills.
When I look back on my high school writing classes, they were run of the mill, very bleak classes that didn’t help me what so ever. They never challenged the way I write and I usually pulled essays together at the last minute with bogus information.
The reason I like History and Writing 101 is because the classes challenge the way I think and process data. I actually have to think about what I’m reading and writing instead of repeating what a book said then forgetting it after the assignment is over. The stuff we have covered in the classes will probably stick with me till I die because I have had to think critically on them during the in class discussions and the writing assignments that I have completed. The fact that our teachers actual read our work instead of looking for a 5 paragraph format has really taut me how to write and what to look for in my writing while editing. Completing this 12 week course has taught me more than a traditional 1 year class. Yeah it was hard and stressful half the time but it was not unwarranted, every ting they have us do has a porpoise to help us become better writers and have a more in depth understanding of history. That is why I have chosen these 3 items to go in my portfolio, I believe that they show my best work in the sense that I have matured and grown wiser in my writing skill.
The olive branch petition text analysis shows my honed in depth analysis of a 5 page document that was for the King of England. I did a lot of work on this piece and I never thought that I could scrutinize every detail of a document and piece together why they said that or asked that question.
The second essay I did was that I had to be Loyalists in the late 1700’s in the state of North Carolina, and I had to write a persuasive essay explaining why I was a loyalist and why the reader should be too. This paper is by far the best writing I have ever completed, the reason I had to rewrite it was because I forgot to proof read it and it had some words missing, but besides that I put my heart and mostly my mind into reading primary documents and piecing together a well rounded argument for my cause.
Overall, Coming to PSEC and taking Ben and Craig’s class has shown me that I’m not a bad writer; I just didn’t know how to write. I had no idea of how much work and mind power it takes to write a good piece of literature. I used to hate reading quotes and other things that were assigned to me, but now that I have learned so much I like challenging my mind analyzing and thinking about why people write this and that. It’s really embarrassing to look back at my past work and then to look at my present work, I can see a major turnaround for me. I can tell of how much I have learned during the past 12 weeks because I could never write about anything this in depth with out serious work and now I can do it for all my assignments. I believe that is my greatest achievement.

12/03/2008

essay #2 final draft rewrite

A journal entry by a disgruntled loyalists in North Carolina

As a member of the loyalist cause in North Carolina, I have witnessed countless malevolent acts and mayhem at the hands of the Patriots. The Patriots have done this to us loyal colonists because we remain steadfast in our faith to our Majestic Sovereign Lord, the King of England. The reason for their actions is irrational, nay they are absurd. The Patriots believe that withdrawing from the empire and the King’s influence will be good because the Patriots believe the king to be an irrational tyrant. By exaggerating most rumors, the patriots claim that it’s the king’s fault for all the taxes and economic disarray that some of the colonies are facing. It is not the king’s fault for the circumstances surrounding the civil strife and the ill content of the rebelling patriots. We need the King’s support in these colonies. In North Carolina, we need the king's political support, military protection,and economic firmness. with out these North Carolina will fall into turmoil and pandemonium.

I have witnessed violence in North Carolina erupt in the form of a civil war between colonists that are either loyalists or patriots. “In the years just before the outbreaks of the rebellion in the American colonies, violence and civil strife were peculiar characteristics of a bitter political struggle, in North Carolina this struggle was particularly venomous for, it had been said, the colony contained a greater number of loyalists in proportion to its population than any other”(Rankin & Babits.4). North Carolina is a hot spot for civil conflict and political debate because of the high ratio of loyalists to patriots in this colony. The patriots usually outnumber the loyalists three to one, but in North Carolina the odds are pretty much even, or outnumber the patriots. Conflict has spread throughout the colonies in just a few weeks from the rebelling patriots refusing to abide to our King’s sovereign power.Imagine what the colonies will be like when the Patriots force the people to secede from the protection of our gracious King! The Patriots’ argument for dissolving the ties we have with our mother country, Britain, is their claim that the king is a tyrannical force out to bend the will of his subjects thousands of miles away. It is clear that they have become a more terrifying and cruel ruler then the king ever was, thus making them hypocrites.

The patriots and Continental Congress are hypocrites; they have accused the King of being a tyrant when they have become a tyrannical force more spiteful then the King. They have traded a Monarchical tyranny for a democratic tyranny. The Continental Congress declared their independence from the king who protected us from the French and the Indians. They have betrayed his compassion and grace with ill-fitting contempt for him and his loyal subjects still among the colonies. This is why I am a loyalist; the King has protected us and has given our colony economic stability, which we repay his kindness with loyalty and reverence. In the declaration of rights of North Carolina, the Continental Congress writes,


“1st That there are certain natural rights of which men, when they form a social compact, cannot deprive or divest their posterity, among which are the enjoyment of life, and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
9th That no freeman ought to be taken, imprisoned, or disseized of his freehold, liberties, privileges or franchises, or outlawed or exiled, or in any manner destroyed or deprived of his life, liberty, or property but by the law of the land.
13th. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted”. (Thorpe 1.)

How can they write these “rights” for all men, and then break them by treating us loyalists like rabid dogs, beating and killing us. We have the right to pursue life and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety. How can we do so when they will not allow the king to protect us and when the men of congress let patriots tar and feather my loyalist’s brethren, burning our houses, destroying our land, hanged, abused, using cruel and unusual punishments, and all other atrocious deeds to us loyalists.

The torments caused by this civil war and lack of protection are so atrocious that many loyalists are lucky to escape and move away, “If they escaped [the loyalists] at all they had cause to rejoice. Letters soon followed them telling of insults and threats to the friends that remained. Their private coaches burned or pulled in pieces, loads of the rich importers goods were attacked and destroyed or stolen, and his effigy hung up in a conspicuous place in sight of his house, during the day, to be burned or ignominiously treated at night. One his riding horse, with saddle and bridle tarred and an image on its back, driven though town with an infamous figure pinned on the figures breast. Others were frightened by finding incendiary letters which intimidated tortures for all loyalists” (Van Tyne, Van H. Tyne, & Claude H Van Tyne. 3). I believe that these deeds do not go unheard by the Continental Congress but go unpunished; If the Congress cannot control its Patriotic subjects, how can we expect them to run these colonies as a unified whole. It takes a king, solid, righteous, and powerful to effectively run things. Look at all the chaos that has manifested itself in the short while that the patriots are rebelling. I believe that in order for Northern America to be truly successful, we need the economic support of our steadfast King and the loyalist people.

As a loyalist, I believe that economic stability is essential for prosperity of the colonies. The patriots say “ in North-America, we are of opinion, that a non-importation, non-consumption, and non-exportation agreement, faithfully adhered to, will prove the most speedy, effectual, and peaceable measure: And, therefore, we do, for ourselves, and the inhabitants of the several colonies, whom we represent, firmly agree and associate, under the sacred ties of virtue, honor and love of our country,[...] We will neither import nor purchase, any slave imported after the first day of December next; after which time, we will wholly discontinue the slave trade, and will neither be concerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our vessels, nor sell our commodities or manufactures to those who are concerned in it.”(Chauncey 1) The Continental Congress wants to stop exporting, importing, and buying/selling slaves. I, for one, think these actions are foolish and childish. For the patriots to make the colonies stop exporting, importing, and buying slaves, means that the people have no income to buy food, clothing, and supplies. The people would not be able to sell their goods to buy basic necessities, they would not be able to keep their economy afloat, and the southern states would fail from the lack of labor.

Once again, I say as a proud loyalist that the king knows what’s best for this new land and its inhabitants. His experience and power have led this mass of people in the right direction for a long time. We need not recede from the empire, but harmonize with the king. He provides political support, protection, and economic stability to a divided land that needs it. He has ruled his empire without fail and we should trust him to lead us as well. LONG LIVE THE KING!!!!









CITED WORKS

Ford, Chauncey. "Journals of the Continental Congress." The Avalon Project. 1905. 19 Nov 2008.

Babits,Lawrence. Rankin, Hugh F. "The North Carolina Continentals." ISBN 0807856622(2005) 3-15. 17 Nov 2008.

Thorpe, Francis. "Constitution of North Carolina." The Avalon Project. 1906. 19 Nov 2008.

Van Tyne, H. van Tyne, Claude H van Tyne. "The loyalists in the American Revolution." (1975-1989) 45-46. 17 Nov 2008.

essay #2 final draft

A journal entry by a disgruntled loyalists in North Carolina

As a member of the loyalist cause in North Carolina, I have witnessed countless malevolent acts and mayhem at the hands of the Patriots. The Patriots have done this to us loyal colonists because we remain steadfast in our faith to our Majestic Sovereign Lord, the King of England. The reason for their actions is irrational, nay they are absurd. The Patriots believe that withdrawing from the empire and the King’s influence will be good because the Patriots believe the king to be an irrational tyrant. By exaggerating most rumors, the patriots claim that it’s the king’s fault for all the taxes and economic disarray that some of the colonies are facing. It is not the king’s fault for the circumstances surrounding the civil strife and the ill content of the rebelling patriots. We need the King’s support in these colonies. Without the King’s political support, protection, and economic stability, North Carolina (and all the colonies) will soon fall prey to civil war, corrupt dictatorship and division of the once united colonies from the empire.
I have witnessed violence in North Carolina erupt in the form of a civil war between colonists that are either loyalists or patriots. “In the years just before the outbreaks of the rebellion in the American colonies, violence and civil strife were peculiar characteristics of a bitter political struggle, in North Carolina this struggle was particularly venomous for, it had been said, the colony contained a greater number of loyalists in proportion to its population than any other”(Rankin & Babits.4). North Carolina is a hot spot for civil conflict and political debate because of the high ratio of loyalists to patriots in this colony. Usually the patriots outnumber the loyalists three to one, but in North Carolina the odds are pretty much even or outnumber the patriots. Conflict has spreading throughout the colonies in just a few weeks from the rebelling patriots refusing to abide to our King’s sovereign power; imagine what the colonies will be like when the Patriots force the people to secede from the protection of our gracious King. The Patriots argument for dissolving the ties we have with our mother country Britain, because they claim that the king is a tyrannical force out to bend the will of his subjects thousands of miles away. It is clear that they have become a more terrifying and cruel ruler then the king ever was, thus making them hypocrites.

The patriots and Continental Congress are hypocrites; they have accused the King of being a tyrant when they have become a tyrannical force more spiteful then the King. They have traded a Monarchical tyranny for a democratic tyranny. The Continental Congress declared their independence from the king who protected us from the French and Indians; they have betrayed his compassion and grace with ill-fitting contempt for him and his loyal subjects still among the colonies. This is why I am a loyalist; the King has protected us and has given our colony economic stability, which we repay his kindness with loyalty and reverence. In the deceleration of rights of North Carolina, the Continental Congress writes;


“1st That there are certain natural rights of which men, when they form a social compact, cannot deprive or divest their posterity, among which are the enjoyment of life, and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
9th That no freeman ought to be taken, imprisoned, or disseized of his freehold, liberties, privileges or franchises, or outlawed or exiled, or in any manner destroyed or deprived of his life, liberty, or property but by the law of the land.
13th. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted”. (Thorpe 1.)

How can they write these “rights” for all men, and then break them by treating us loyalists like rabid dogs; beating and killing us. We have the right to pursue life and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety. How can we do so when they will not allow the king to protect us and when the men of congress let patriots tar and feather my loyalist’s brethren, burning our houses, destroying our land, hanged, abused, used cruel and unusual punishments, and all other meticulous deeds to us loyalists.

The torments caused by this civil war and lack of protection are so atrocious that many loyalists are lucky to escape and move away, “If they escaped [the loyalists] at all they had cause to rejoice. Letters soon followed them telling of insults and threats to the friends that remained. Their private coaches burned or pulled in pieces, loads of the rich importers goods were attacked and destroyed or stolen, and his effigy hung up in a conspicuous place in sight of his house, during the day, to be burned or ignominiously treated at night. One his riding horse, with saddle and bridle tarred and an image on its back, driven though town with an infamous figure pinned on the figures breast. Others were frightened by finding incendiary letters which intimidated tortures for all loyalists” (Van Tyne, Van H. Tyne, & Claude H Van Tyne. 3). I believe that these deeds do not go unheard by the Continental Congress but go unpunished, if the Congress cannot control its Patriotic subjects, how can I, we, expect them to run these colonies in a unified whole. It takes a king, solid, righteous, and powerful to effectively run things. Look at all the chaos that has manifest itself in the short while that the patriots are rebelling. I believe that Northern America to truly be successful we need the economic support of our steadfast King and the loyalist people.

As a loyalist, I believe that economic stability is essential for prosperity of the colonies. The patriots say “ in North-America, we are of opinion, that a non-importation, non-consumption, and non-exportation agreement, faithfully adhered to, will prove the most speedy, effectual, and peaceable measure: And, therefore, we do, for ourselves, and the inhabitants of the several colonies, whom we represent, firmly agree and associate, under the sacred ties of virtue, honor and love of our country,[...] We will neither import nor purchase, any slave imported after the first day of December next; after which time, we will wholly discontinue the slave trade, and will neither be concerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our vessels, nor sell our commodities or manufactures to those who are concerned in it.”(Chauncey 1) The Continental Congress wants to stop exporting, importing, and buying/selling slaves. I, for one, think these actions are foolish and childish. For the patriots to make the colonies stop exporting, importing, and buying slaves, means that the people have no income to buy food, clothing, and supplies. Meaning the people would not be able to sell their goods to buy basic necessities, they would not be able to keep their economy afloat, and the southern states would fail from the lack of labor.

Once again I say as a proud loyalist and that the king knows what’s best for this new land and its inhabitants. His experience and power have led this mass of people in the right direction for a long time. We need not recede from the empire, but harmonize with the king. He provides political support, protection, and economic stability to a divided land that needs it. He has ruled his empire without fail and we should trust him to lead us as well. LONG LIVE THE KING!!!!









CITED WORKS
Hugh F. Rankin, Lawrence Babits. "The North Carolina Continentals." ISBN 0807856622(2005) 3-15. 17 Nov 2008.

Thorpe, Francis. "Constitution of North Carolina." The Avalon Project. 1906. 19 Nov 2008.

Van Tyne, H. van Tyne, Claude H van Tyne. "The loyalists in the American Revolution." (1975-1989) 45-46. 17 Nov 2008.

Ford, Chauncey. "Journals of the Continental Congress." The Avalon Project. 1905. 19 Nov 2008.

11/24/2008

essay #2 reflective

Essay number 2 is far more easy for me. saying that, the first essay i did was sloppy and horrible. since we had almost 4 weeks to do it, i became lazy and disfuntional. the reason i became lazy and disfuntional was i thought in the back of my mind, "oh, ill have plenty of time to work on this stupid essay later, i can afford to relax and pwn noobs on halo." but to my surprize i was way behind and i didnt turn in my roughtdraft and lost 50 points.

that was a wake up call to me, and now that i have competed my second essay i feel that i did much better under the shorter time frame. it encouraged me to do more work more often; instead of doing a parragragh a day, i wrote a whole rough draft and edited it everyday. i used to think that one rough draft was good enough to proceed to the final, but doing that i missed out on a whole bunch of creative and critical thinking steps which produced a crappy #1 essay and i was graded thusly. [low pass]

when i think and reflect on my second essay i feel confident i did they best work in writing i had ever done, i put alot of hours into that paper and i feel that i will earn a good grade. writing this paper has, i think, unlocked or crushed a mental road block that i used to think that i couldent write or i was a bad writer. i'd like to think that i have matured greatly in my writing proccess and i feel that my creative/critical thinking skills have greatly exceeded what i thought i was capeble of

whiskey rebellion non group leader

the document is basically saying that Washington will send out the military if the rebellion will not stop

11/21/2008

essay #2 final draft

A journal entry by a disgruntled loyalist in North Carolina

As a member of the loyalist cause in North Carolina, I have witnessed countless malevolent acts and mayhem at the hands of the Patriots. The Patriots have done this to us loyal colonists because we remain steadfast in our faith to our Majestic Sovereign Lord, the King of England. The reason for they’re actions is irrational, nay they are incongruous. The Patriots believe that withdrawing from the empire and the King’s influence will be a good because the Patriots have made the king out to be an irrational tyrant. By exaggerating rumors the patriots claim that it’s the king’s fault for all the taxes and economic turmoil’s that some of the colonies are facing. It is not the king’s fault for the circumstances surrounding the civil strife and the ill content of the rebelling patriots. WE need the Kings’ support in these colonies. Without the Kings political support, protection, and economic stability, North Carolina (and all the colonies) will soon fall prey to civil war, corrupt dictatorship and division of the once united colonies.


I have seen Violence in North Carolina has erupt in the form of a civil war between colonists that are either patriots or loyalists. “In the years just before the outbreaks of the rebellion in the American colonies, violence and civil strife were peculiar characteristics of a bitter political struggle, in North Carolina this struggle was particularly venomous for, it had been said, the colony contained a greater number of loyalists in proportion to its population than any other”(Rankin & Babits.4). North Carolina has been and is a hot spot for civil conflict and political debate because of the high ratio of loyalists to patriots. Usually the patriots outnumbered the loyalists three to one, but in North Carolina the odds were pretty much even or even more so in the loyalists favor. Conflict is spreading throughout the colonies in just a few weeks from the King’s absence of power; imagine what the colonies will be like the Patriots force the people to secede from the protection of the gracious King. The argument for dissolving the ties we have with our mother country Britain because the Patriots claim the king is a tyrannical force out to bend the will of his subjects thousands of miles away. It is clear that they have become a more terrifying and cruel ruler then the king ever was, thus making them hypocrites.


The patriots and Continental Congress are hypocrites; they have accused the King of being a tyrant when they have become a tyrannical force more spiteful then the King. They have traded a Monarchical tyranny for a democratic tyranny. The Continental Congress have declared independence from the king who protected us from the French and Indians; they have betrayed his compassion and grace with ill-fitting contempt for him and his loyal subjects still among the colonies. This is why I am a loyalist, the King has protected us and has given our colony economic stability, which we repay his kindness with loyalty and reverence. In the deceleration of rights of North Carolina the Continental Congress write,

“1st That there are certain natural rights of which men, when they form a social compact, cannot deprive or divest their posterity, among which are the enjoyment of life, and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
9th That no freeman ought to be taken, imprisoned, or disseized of his freehold, liberties, privileges or franchises, or outlawed or exiled, or in any manner destroyed or deprived of his life, liberty, or property but by the law of the land.
13th. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted”. (Thorpe 1.)


How can they write these “rights” for ALL men, and then break them treating us loyalists like rabid dogs? We have the right to pursue life and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety. How can we do so when they will not allow the king to protect us and when the men of congress let patriots tar and feather my loyalist’s brethren, burning our houses, destroying our land, hanged, abused, used cruel and unusual punishments, and all other meticulous deeds to us loyalists.


The torments caused by this civil war and lack of protection are so atrocious that many loyalists are lucky to escape and move away, “If they escaped [the loyalists] at all they had cause to rejoice. Letters soon followed them telling of insults and threats to the friends that remained. Their private coaches burned or pulled in pieces, loads of the rich importers goods were attacked and destroyed or stolen, and his effigy hung up in a conspicuous place in sight of his house, during the day, to be burned or ignominiously treated at night. One his riding horse, with saddle and bridle tarred and an image on its back, driven though town with an infamous figure pinned on the figures breast. Others were frightened by finding incendiary letters which intimidated tortures for all loyalists (Van Tyne, Van H. Tyne, & Claude H Van Tyne. 3). I believe that these deeds do not go unheard by the Continental Congress but go unpunished, if the Congress cannot control its Patriotic subjects, how can I, we, expect them to run these colonies in a unified whole. It takes a king, solid, righteous, and powerful to effectively run things. Look at all the chaos that has manifest itself in the short while that the patriots are rebelling. I believe that Northern America to truly be successful we need the economic support of our steadfast King and the loyalist people.


As a loyalist, I believe that economic stability is essential for prosperity of the colonies. The patriots say “ in North-America, we are of opinion, that a non-importation, non-consumption, and non-exportation agreement, faithfully adhered to, will prove the most speedy, effectual, and peaceable measure: And, therefore, we do, for ourselves, and the inhabitants of the several colonies, whom we represent, firmly agree and associate, under the sacred ties of virtue, honour and love of our country,[...] We will neither import nor purchase, any slave imported after the first day of December next; after which time, we will wholly discontinue the slave trade, and will neither be concerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our vessels, nor sell our commodities or manufactures to those who are concerned in it.”(Chauncey 1) The Continental Congress wants to stop exporting, importing, and buying/selling slaves. I, for one, think these actions are foolish and childish. For the patriots to make the colonies stop exporting, importing, and buying slaves, means that the people have no income to buy food, clothing, and supplies. Meaning the people would not be able to sell their goods to buy basic necessities, they would not be able to their economy afloat, and the southern states would fail from the lack of labor.


Once again I say as a proud loyalist that the king knows what’s best for this new land and its inhabitants. His experience and power have led this mass of people in the right direction for along time. We need not reseed from the empire, but harmonize with the king. He provides political support, protection, and economic stability to a divided land that needs it. He has ruled his empire without fail and we should trust him to lead us as well. LONG LIVE THE KING!!!!









CITED WORKS
Hugh F. Rankin, Lawrence Babits. "The North Carolina Continentals." ISBN 0807856622(2005) 3-15. 17 Nov 2008 .

Thorpe, Francis. "Constitution of North Carolina." The Avalon Project. 1906. 19 Nov 2008 .

Van Tyne, H. van Tyne, Claude H van Tyne . "The loyalists in the American Revolution." (1975-1989) 45-46. 17 Nov 2008 .

Ford, Chauncey. "Journals of the Continental Congress." The Avalon Project. 1905. 19 Nov 2008 .